第二代果酸以葡萄糖酸为代表。葡萄糖酸为自然存在于人体的一种成分,是细胞合成或转化DNA与RNA的基础成分,葡萄糖酸在内酯状态下并无酸基的作用,所以不会有酸性的刺激感产生,在进入皮肤内转变为葡萄糖酸才具有AHA的结构,因此和传统果酸一样具备代谢角质、促进皮肤更新、畅通毛囊管、使真皮层厚实等作用,进而有效达到改善粗糙暗沉、毛孔粗大、粉刺、青春痘、黑斑、皱纹等症状。(Devlin TM, editor. Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations. New York:Wiley-Liss, third edition; chapter 8.)
葡萄糖酸的临床功效

和传统果酸所不同的是,葡萄糖酸属于多重水基果酸(PHA),在化学结构上拥有四组氢氧基,具良好之吸水能力,可发挥优异的保湿效果。
另一方面,葡萄糖酸亦兼具了抗氧化作用,临床实验证明,只要浓度0.06%的葡萄糖酸即可发挥强大的抗氧化效果,可对抗自由基对肌肤的伤害,防止肌肤受损老化。
此外,在临床实验中也发现葡萄糖酸还能增强角质层的障壁功能,亦即提升角质层对外界化学性刺激的防御能力,让肌肤更健康。
和传统果酸相比之下,葡萄糖酸非常温和不刺激,非常适合干燥或敏感性肤质、以及异位性皮肤炎、酒糟性皮肤炎、成人型青春痘的患者使用。
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